Topical Therapies For Rosacea

Medical treatment of rosacea with emphasis on topical therapies.Del Rosso JQ.Department of Dermatology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.Due to the development and release of newer topical rosacea formulations, the diagnosis and treatment of rosacea has received renewed attention over the past 3-5 years both in the literature and at medical symposia.
Rosacea is a very common facial dermatosis. In the US, rosacea is estimated to affect 14 million people, predominantly adults with approximately 60% of cases diagnosed before the age of 50. A frustrating aspect of rosacea is it's inherent chronicity punctuated with periods of exacerbation and relative remission.
 A variety of rosacea subtypes have been identified which correlate with the patients rosacea clinical presentation. Although the pathogenesis of rosacea is poorly understood, multiple topical rosacea agents are available. The efficacy of topical therapy for rosacea relates primarily to reduction in inflammatory lesions (papules, pustules), decreased intensity of rosacea erythema, a reduction in the number and intensity of flares and amelioration of rosacea symptoms, which may include stinging, pruritus and burning.
The list of main topical rosacea treatments utilised for the treatment of rosacea include metronidazole, sulfacetamide-sulfur, azelaic acid and topical antibiotics (clindamycin, erythromycin). Depending on the severity at initial presentation, topical therapy may be combined with systemic antibiotic rosacea therapy (e.g., oral tetracycline derivative). Newer choices primarily involve improved vehicle formulations, which demonstrate favourable skin tolerability and cosmetic elegance